The birth of a foal is a special moment for many breeders. A safe delivery starts with proper preparation. In case of doubt or abnormalities during pregnancy, it is always advisable to consult your veterinarian immediately. Every mare is different in her cycle, pregnancy, and foaling process, which makes timely and professional guidance essential.

Smooth delivery

During pregnancy, variations in gestation length, behavioral changes, or unexpected physical signs may occur. A mare that has previously had difficulty conceiving, shows a longer gestation period, or is known for retaining the placenta often requires extra attention. Good condition, appropriate nutrition, and regular check-ups form the basis for a smooth delivery.

Foaling supervision

Foaling supervision plays an important role in preparation. Many breeders use cameras in combination with alarm systems, such as foaling alarms or vulva sensors. These tools increase the likelihood that you are present when labor begins, allowing you to act quickly or call for assistance if necessary.

Sometimes action is required

With proper preparation, attention to the mare’s welfare, and reliable monitoring, you give the foal the best possible start. However, situations may still arise that require quick and thoughtful action, for example, if a mare or foal does not survive the birth. A careful approach is then crucial for the welfare of both mare and foal.

When a foal is born without a mother

The first 24 hours of a foal’s life are critical. During this period, the foal must receive colostrum, the only source of antibodies it can absorb immediately after birth.

  • Colostrum supply: if possible, collect colostrum from the mare immediately after birth. Even a small amount can make a difference.
  • Alternatives: experienced breeders sometimes store frozen colostrum; a veterinarian may also have a colostrum substitute available.
  • Foster mare: a foal can be placed with a foster mare up to approximately one week of age. A successful match greatly supports healthy, natural development.
  • Specialist rearing: if placement with a foster mare is not possible, there are rearing facilities experienced in raising orphan foals.

Read more on the website of Pavo about what you can do.

When a mare loses her foal

The loss of a foal generally has fewer practical consequences than the loss of a mare, but still requires proper care and guidance.

  • A mare may be restless for one to two days and show unusual behavior. Movement and interaction within the herd help her recover.
  • Temporarily avoid feeding concentrates to reduce milk production.
  • If you wish to use the mare as a foster mare, it is important that she has carried a full-term pregnancy and is milked until the foster foal can be introduced (usually up to about two days after birth). Only then is her body ready to nurse a foal.